Kajian Historis Madrasah Nizamiyah

Abstract

As we know, Nizamiyah madrasas have a significant role in strengthening the progress of Islamic education. This article intends to explain how the history of the establishment of the Nizamiyah madrasah as an educational institution was ultimately involved in political and ideological complexity. This research is qualitative in nature and falls into the library research category. In this article, it is concluded that the Nizamiyah madrasah was founded in 447 AH/1055 AD under the auspices of Tughril Bek from the Seljuq dynasty, with the central role of his vizier, Nizam al-Mulk. Even though this madrasa is an educational institution, it has characteristics that are similar to other madrasas in terms of management, educators, students and learning methods. However, the curriculum is slightly different because it includes Ash'ariyah theological material which aims to defend Sunni teachings and counteract Shiite-Mu'tazilah ideology. In its context as an educational institution, the Nizamiyah madrasah cannot be avoided from the political-ideological influence that surrounded its founding process.